Understanding Surge Protectors

Working Principle of Surge Protectors

Surge protectors utilize internal non-linear components, such as varistors (MOVs), gas discharge tubes (GDTs), or semiconductor devices (such as TVS diodes), to rapidly conduct when the voltage exceeds a specified limit, converting the overvoltage into current and discharging it to ground, thereby limiting the voltage peak at the device terminals.

Installation Steps for Surge Protectors

1. Preparation: Confirm that the system voltage level matches the rated voltage of the surge protective device. Check the type of surge protector (Level 1, 2, or 3) and confirm its installation location.

2. Power Disconnection: The power supply must be disconnected before wiring to ensure operator safety.

3. Determine Wiring Location: Determine the installation location based on the type of surge protector and installation requirements.

4. Select Appropriate Cables: Select appropriate cables based on the rated current of the surge protector.

5. Wiring Steps: Includes grounding wire connection, power line connection, and output terminal connection.

6. Wiring Inspection: Confirm that all connections are secure and not loose. Check the reliability of the grounding wire connection.

7. Power Restoration: After verifying the wiring is correct, power can be restored, and the surge protector's operating status can be monitored.

Application Scenarios of Surge Protectors

Surge protectors are widely used in power, communications, industrial control, data centers, and homes to protect electrical equipment from damage caused by lightning, switching overvoltages, or other transient power sources.

Selection Criteria for Surge Protectors

• Maximum Continuous Operating Voltage (Uc): A surge protection device with a voltage not less than the rated voltage of the protected system should be selected.

• Voltage Protection Level (Up): A protector with a lower Up value should be selected to provide better protection.

• Nominal Discharge Current (Iimp): Based on the lightning environment that the protected electrical system may experience, a surge protector capable of withstanding the corresponding inrush current should be selected.

With the above information, you can better understand the working principle, installation steps, and selection criteria of surge protectors, thus enabling you to choose the appropriate protection device for your electrical system.